Other Noted Jerseyman of the 17th Century by A.C. Saunders

Some more from A.C. Saunders “History of Jersey in the 17th Century”.

Other Noted Jerseyman of the 17th Century by A.C. Saunders

Among other Jerseymen who distinguished themselves during the 17th Century, we find the names of Philip Le Geyt, Philip Dumaresq, Dr. John Durell, Reverend Philip Falle, and Peter Monamy and others, and short sketches of the careers of these men, will no doubt be interesting to those studying the history of the period.

Philip Le Geyt

Philip Le Geyt was born in the parish of St. Helier, at Mont-a-L'Abbe in the year 1635, and like many other young men at that time he went to study in France, at the Universities of Saumur, Caen and Paris where he showed great promise. Returning to his native Island, his abilities and character were soon recognized, and we find him appointed the Greffier of the Court.

His father had been a Royalist, and was one of those who had sought refuge in Elizabeth Castle with Sir George de Carteret when General Haines landed in Jersey. During the siege, we hear that his house was broken into, and his furniture stolen, and that during Parliamentary rule he had to compound for his estates. Philip was twenty-three years of age at the time of the Restoration, and on the death of his father, he succeeded him as one of the Jurats of the Royal Courts of the Island. In due course he became the Lieutenant Bailiff. 

His judgments were always recognized as those of a learned and just judge, and he has come down to posterity as a great Lawyer whose work " Sur la Constitution, les Lois, et les usages de cette Ile " has in the past been recognized as a standard work by Jersey Lawyers. Le Geyt was much esteemed by his countrymen, and died much regretted on the 31st January, 1710.

Philip Dumaresq
Philip Dumaresq was the son of Henry Dumaresq and his wife Margaret Herault, and became in due course Seigneur of Samares. His father, Henry, had been a great friend of Michael Lemprière, and had followed the fortunes of the Parliament. 

During Sir George Carteret's tenure as Lt. Governor of Jersey, he had been tried, and condemned to be hanged as a traitor and his property confiscated. He had returned to Jersey in 1651, but his son Philip, who was born about the year 1650, did not follow in his father's political footsteps but joined the Navy and eventually became a Captain in His Majesty's Service. He was a great friend of Philip Falle the historian, and just before his death he gave Falle his map of Jersey which he had drawn on a large skin of vellum.

His naval training stood him in good stead when he retired from the Service, for he spent his time in writing a description of the Island with its bays, rocks, currents and possibility of defence. This manuscript was considered of such value that it was treated as a secret document, and Dumaresq presented it to King James II in the year 1685.

Dumaresq was elected a Jurat in 1681, and Sir Edward de Carteret complained that when Sir John Lanier was appointed Governor he became very" acquainted one Philip Dumaresq, otherwise called Saumaresq, which your Majestie doth know that his father was hang'd in Effigie according to our laws as a Traitor, which said Dumaresq gave him such Councell that has caused all our defferences."

In the chapter on Sir John Lanier, we realized that the Bailiff and the Lt. Governor were not getting on very well. They carried their disputes to the Council Chamber in London, where Sir John, supported by his Secretary and Dumaresq, lost their case. Sir John, before Sir John Nicolls (probably Secretary to the Privy Council) said to Sir Edward de Carteret. " You and I will decide this business presently, and took me (Sir Edward) by the hand, and soe down we went to the Court, where he told me we will take a coach and goe to Hide Parke, and coming to Whitehall gate I call'd a coach and opened the door of it, when presently Sir John Lanier, his Secretary and Dumaresq leapt therein and did run away and left me behind."

However no duel was fought. The Lord Chamberlain, hearing of the quarrel, sent first for Sir John, and then for Sir Edward, and forbade them " in His Majie's. name to give noe challenge to anybody nor to receive any."

But whatever Sir Edward had to say about Dumaresq, Falle, in the preface to his history of Jersey, acknowledged the valuable information he had obtained by the perusal of Dumaresq's manuscript on the defence of the Island.

Durell in his notes doubts whether Falle ever saw the manuscript. It was kept as a very confidential record until the time when Admiral D'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon, was in charge of the naval forces in the Channel Islands, when it was sent to him for his information. The Admiral allowed several copies to be made, and it was considered by those who had the privilege of seeing it, as containing the most valuable and practical suggestions for the defence of the Island.

Dumaresq died quite young, in the year 1690.

Reverend John Durell, D.D.

Another distinguished Jerseyman was the Reverend John Durell, D.D., who belonged to one of the principal families in the Island. He was born in St. Helier in the year 1625.

At the early age of fifteen he was student at Merton College, Oxford, but times were very unsuitable for study, and, when in 1643, the town was besieged by the Parliamentarians, Durell went over to France. On the 8th July, 1644, he took his degree as a Master of Arts, at the University of Caen. From Caen he continued his studies at Saumur, and returning to Jersey in 1647, eventually became Chaplain to Sir George Carteret at Elizabeth Castle.

Evidently Sir George thought much of Durell, for when the Castle was besieged by General Haines, and matters were looking very black for the Royalist cause, he sent his Chaplain to the young King in France, to ask for assistance or instructions as to what should be done. The King could not grant what he had not, and Durell returned to the Castle and told Carteret that the King advised him to surrender on the best terms possible.

So Elizabeth Castle ceased to be a Royalist stronghold, and Durell started on his travels, and after many vicissitudes of fortune, he became Chaplain to the Duke de la Force, father of the Princess of Turenne. He remained there until the restoration, when he returned to London and was appointed to the newly established Episcopal French Church in the Savoy. Durell was a man of great personality backed by considerable ability, and he soon was appointed Chaplain in ordinary to the King, a prebendary of Salisbury Cathedral, a Canon of Windsor, a prebendary of Durham Cathedral, and on the 27th July, 1667, he was installed as Dean of Windsor.

He translated the Book of Common Prayer into French, and by an Order in Council dated 6th October, 1662, it was directed that the book should be used in all the parish churches, and chapels, in the Islands of Jersey, and Guernsey, and the French church at the Savoy. The King gave him authority " to have his booke printed in what place, by whom, and in what volume he shall think fit and forbidding any other to print the same booke."

Here we have a foreshadowing of the Copyright Act, and his prayer book helped to keep his name before his fellow islanders as a great and distinguished Jerseymen. He was reported to have been a man of great learning, and very charming manners, a great courtier, who was held in great favour by those who held high office in the State. He died in the fifty-eighth year of his life, and was buried in one of the chapels at Windsor, and the following inscription can he read on the marble stab over his grave :

HERE LYETH
JOHN DURELL, D.D., DEAN OF WINDSOR
WAITING FOR A HAPPY RESURECTION
HE DIED JUNE 8th, 1683 IN THE 58 YEAR OF HIS AGE.

Reverend Philip Falle

We now come to a man who was the first known historian of Jersey. He was born in the year 1656, in the parish of St. Helier of a respectable family. At the age of thirteen he was entered at Exeter College, Oxford, and, after obtaining his degree, was ordained in 16 77. Sir John Lanier presented him with the Rectory of Trinity in the year 1681 with the stipend of forty pounds per annum.

His parish work did not prevent him being tutor to the son of the Governor, who in 1689, presented him with the Rectory of St. Saviour, then one of the best paid livings in the Island.

The people of Jersey about this time were very much troubled with rumours about the French preparations to invade their Island, and it was decided to send a deputation to London, to submit to the Privy Council and ask for sufficient forces to be sent to the Islands so that they could repel any possible invasion. The States appointed as their representatives, the Reverend Philip Falle, and Advocate Durell.

Evidently King William was favourably impressed with Falle, for shortly after the deputation had arrived the King appointed Falle one of his Chaplains, and, on the death of Queen Mary, he preached her funeral sermon.

When in 1700 he was appointed a prebendary of Durham, he ceased his connection with Jersey as a member of the States and resigned his living of St. Saviour- He became Rector of Shirley, a very well endowed appointment.

It is said that Falle wrote his history to support the application before the Privy Council from the Royal Court in connection with the possible dangers of invasion, and, for many years, his history was the standard work on the subject. 

It is an extraordinary thing, that living as Falle did, so near those wonderful years when first one side, and then the other was in power, he gives so scant an account of the doings of those days, but he knew his Jersey and her laws, and we are indebted to the historian who first told us the story about our forefathers. 

The first edition of his book was printed in the year 1694, and is now very scarce. In his later years, he remembered his native land, by presenting his collection of books to the States of the Island, and thereby enabled our Jurats to start a public library.

He died on the 7th May, 1742 at the age of eighty-six, after a long and useful life.

Peter Monamy
In the loan exhibition of pictures from the Macpherson Collection held at the Guildhall in London, in the Autumn of 1928, there were no fewer than eight pictures by this Jersey Artist. Among them was one which attracted considerable attention " Sundown, Man of War Saluting." It is a picture of wonderful balance, and the sea, the two men of War and other vessels are very true to life. He painted many vessels belonging to the Navy, and was considered a master in detail.

Peter Monamy was born in Jersey in the year 1670. Early in life his parents moved to London, where the son was apprenticed to a house and sign painter near London Bridge. We do not know how long the apprenticeship lasted but Monamy's attention was evidently fascinated by the movements of vessels passing up and down the River and in his spare time he acquired that knowledge of ships which was to be so useful to him in his after career.

He probably tried his hand at painting ships as they lay at anchor, and thereby earned small sums of money from those masters or owners who wanted pictures of their vessels. He possibly may have watched the Van der Veldes and other marine painters at work. It has been suggested that Monamy was probably a pupil of one of the Van der Veldes, but the elder died when Monamy was only 23 years of age and most probably at that time Monamy was still at work as a house painter.

In the illustration of a picture now in the possession of the Societe Jersiaise, we have a typical specimen of his work. There are several Monamies at Hampton Court, and other collections, and in the Old Vauxhall he was employed in painting scenes depicting Admiral Vernon's victories.

In 1731 his portrait was painted by H. Stully and shows him at 61 to be a man of good appearance and intelligence. However he does not appear to have been a good businessman, or perhaps the prices paid at that time for his pictures did not do more than support him, for, when he died at his house in Westminster in 1749, he was a poor man.

Busy weekend for Jersey RNLI lifeguards

Photo shows RNLI lifeguards and Jersey Fire and Rescue Service helping a teenager who fell from rocks at St Brelade’s Bay. Credit Jersey Fire and Rescue

I've received this press release today from the Jersey RNLI (see below), which I'm putting out on my blog about incidents this weekend, with a few comments first about safety:

Coastering

The teenager who fell at the weekend was "coastering". The relatively new adventure activity of coasteering is all about getting wet swimming and jumping and scrambling round rocks. It’s also a great way to experience the wonders of the natural coastline.

The Website "Safe Water Sports" says:

"Coasteering is a wild fusion of rock climbing, scrambling, swimming and cliff jumping and a full on adrenalin activity guaranteed to get the heart throbbing and the blood rushing. It is a primitive activity with no equipment such as ropes or climbing harnesses, just basic safety wear, enabling total freedom of movement."

"Coasteering is potentially very dangerous if not carried out under the supervision of qualified and experienced instructors and should not be tackled independently."

Please take note!

http://www.safewatersports.co.uk/coasteering.html

Rip Currents

I've seen someone in difficulty in St Brelade's Bay caught out by a rip current one Easter, and it was only the swift action from a lifeguard from L'Horizon's Swimming Pool which stopped the swimmer being dragged out to sea.

A rip current, commonly referred to simply as a rip, or by the misnomer "rip tide", is one specific kind of water current that can be found near beaches. It is a strong, localized, and rather narrow current of water. It is strongest near the surface of the water, and it moves directly away from the shore, cutting through the lines of breaking waves.

Rip currents can be hazardous to people who are in the water. Swimmers or floaters who are caught in a rip and who do not understand what is going on, may not have the necessary water skills, may panic, or may exhaust themselves by trying to swim directly against the flow of water. 

Because of these factors, rips are the leading cause of rescues by lifeguards at beaches, and in the US rips are responsible for an average of 46 deaths from drowning each year.

As the press release says, talk to the lifeguards on duty about the sea conditions before going into the water.

Press Release: Busy weekend for Jersey RNLI lifeguards

RNLI lifeguards in Jersey had a busy few days this weekend, going to the aid of a teenager involved in a coasteering accident and rescuing seven people from strong rip currents.

On Sunday (23 August) RNLI lifeguards were alerted by the Coastguard that a 15-year-old girl had been injured after falling around 10 metres from a cliff top at St Brelade’s Bay landing on rocks below.

Lifeguards Ford Ramsden, Tom Buttel, Nathan Fogg and Cara Mallory-Vibert were first on the scene and managed to stabilise the casualty.

Jersey Fire and Rescue Service arrived at the scene in an inshore boat with a paramedic who administered further first aid, before the casualty was transported to the boat on an RNLI inshore rescue board. She was transported back to the bay to a waiting ambulance.

Rob Stuteley RNLI Lifeguard Supervisor said: ‘It was not a straight forward rescue, so the team did extremely well and responded to the incident quickly. The services worked well together to ensure the casualty was safely removed from the rocks and taken for further care.’

On Saturday (22 August) RNLI lifeguards at St Ouen’s rescued seven people after they got into difficulty in strong rip currents. Lifeguards were afloat on the rescue watercraft (RWC) for three hours guiding bathers away from the rip currents and back into the red and yellow flagged area.

RNLI Lifeguard Supervisor Will Glenn said: ‘With temperatures in the high 20’s the beaches were very busy over the weekend and there were a lot of people in the water. Lifeguards rescued a number of bodyboarders and surfers who got caught in rip currents and brought them safely back to the shore.

‘The rip currents at St Ouen’s can be very strong at times. We would advise that people talk to the lifeguards on duty about the sea conditions before going into the water and remember to swim or bodyboard between the red and yellow flags.

‘If you become caught in a rip current on a bodyboard, stay with your board, wave your hand and the lifeguards will come to assist.’

The RNLI’s Respect the Water campaign is running throughout the summer. To find out more about the dangers of the coast and how to stay safe, visit www.rnli.org/respectthewater or search #RespectTheWater on social media.

Key facts about the RNLI

The RNLI charity saves lives at sea. Its volunteers provide a 24-hour search and rescue service around the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland coasts. The RNLI operates over 230 lifeboat stations in the UK and Ireland and has more than 180 lifeguard units on beaches around the UK. 

Since the RNLI was founded in 1824 its lifeboat crews and lifeguards have saved 140,000 lives.

The Politics of a Tyrant State

Islamic State militants have destroyed Palmyra's ancient temple of Baalshamin, Syrian officials and activists say. Syria's head of antiquities was quoted as saying the temple was blown up on Sunday. The British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that it happened one month ago.

Last week, it emerged that the 81-year-old archaeologist who had looked after Palmyra's ruins for four decades had been beheaded by the militant group. The group has also published photos of what they said was the destruction of two Islamic shrines near Palmyra, which they described as "manifestations of polytheism"

-- BBC News

The destruction of shrines by Islamic extremists is a demonstration of power, of the ability to take over the world and mould it in their own image.

But it is also a sign of fear. The very existence of anything which could contradict the strict puritanical variety of Islam is something they fear, because it shows that people at different times have believed different things.

That’s why they also go to lengths that actually pervert Islam, beheading an 81 year old. What could he do? He could speak. He could tell people about the past.

There is a sense of deja vue. If you look at the old photographs of party officials and leaders in Russia, particularly in the Stalinist era, you will see that photos are touched up to change history to the official line. History is rewritten to erase the past, just as is happening here.

That, of course, is picked up in Orwell’s 1984, where people who fall out of favour become “non-persons” and are erased. It is a world where there is only one way to think, no dissent is permitted, as Orwell notes:

“It is a stifling, stultifying world in which to live. It is a world in which every word and every thought is censored. . . . Even friendship can hardly exist when every . . . man is a cog in the wheels of despotism. Free speech is unthinkable…. You are not free to think for yourself. Your opinion on every subject of any conceivable importance is dictated for you.”

And like 1984, there needs to be someone to hate – in the case if ISIS, anyone different, including - let us not forget - other varieties of Islam.

There’s another interesting comparison, pointed out in an article entitled “Islamic State’s ‘medieval’ ideology owes a lot to revolutionary France” by Profession Kevin McDonald. He points out that the originator of the term “Islamic States”, Abul A’la Maududi, looked to the French Revolution for inspiration “which he believed offered the promise of a “state founded on a set of principles” as opposed to one based upon a nation or a people.”

“This universal citizen, separated from community, nation or history, lies at the heart of Maududi’s vision of “citizenship in Islam” (Islamic Way of Life). Just as the revolutionary French state created its citizens, with the citizen unthinkable outside the state, so too the Islamic state creates its citizens. This is at the basis of Maududi’s otherwise unintelligible argument that one can only be a Muslim in an Islamic state.”

And there are other similarities, which are just beginning to reach the outside world. Like the Terror, internal dissent is stamped out, but what counts as dissent is sifting as internal power groups vie for control. As one source revealed in June 2015:

“ISIS militants are divided into several competing groups: Some are extreme hardliners originally attracted by the harsh application of Sharia law; others are Syrian militants who now complain that they bore the brunt of the months-long fighting over the border town of Kobani and are reluctant to be used to reinforce ISIS units in neighbouring Iraq. Still others are Gulf Arabs jealous of the power held by hardcore Iraqi militants who form the inner coterie of the ISIS leadership around Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. The Gulf Arabs, many of whom are veterans from the conflicts in Afghanistan and Pakistan, feel excluded from overall decision-making.”

There have been quarrels and executions internally. An example is the following:

“North African recruits say they have been used as cannon fodder, especially in the battle for Kobani. Last week, four Tunisian recruits who joined ISIS months ago were executed in the neighbourhood of Rumaila in central Raqqa, say opposition activists. They were described as traitors. Two other Tunisians, possibly along with family members, were executed in the Eddekhar neighbourhood of Raqqa.”

Jamie Dettmer comments:

“The quarrels and executions trigger more cycles of revenge as commanders and groups compete and jockey for power and survival.”

Some terror groups face an internal crisis and survive . As Martin Kramer observes: “All Islamist movements have such potential conflicts. Hezbollah, for example, was a coalition of Shiites from two very different regions of Lebanon (Bekaa versus South), but it never split because Iran mediated the differences.”

But Dettmer asks: ““The question is who within ISIS is mediating differences and whether internal conflict-resolution can contain the terror army’s mix of multiple groups and nationalities.”

References

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-34036644

http://theconversation.com/islamic-states-medieval-ideology-owes-a-lot-to-revolutionary-france-31206

http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/02/06/isis-barbarians-face-their-own-internal-reign-of-terror.html

And Was Made Man

For us men and for our salvation
he came down from heaven,
and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary,
and became man.
(from The Nicene Creed)

Right from the start, the notion that Jesus is in some sense not a real man, but a god like being who has disguised himself as a man has been present. Of course, the Pagan gods, such as Zeus, could do this all the time, appearing in a human form, but that being an illusion to deceive the sense of mortal man.

And it is perhaps hardly surprising. The gospel stories abound in strange tales, tales that seem to belong more to the realm of legend than fact. While the healing stories are something common to other human beings, stories in which Jesus turns water into wine, walks on water, or feeds the five thousand with a few loafs and fishes, are not commonplace even by the most remarkable of ordinary men.

The notion that Jesus was somehow a divine being in disguise was called the Docetic heresy, and elements of it still pervade Christianity today.

A modern form for a scientific age is Superman,, and it is informative to compare Batman with Superman. Batman is simply an ordinary man, well trained in methods of fighting, aided by gadgets, and a crime fighter; he hides himself beneath a mask, but beneath that mask is a normal man. Superman, on the contrary, hides himself as Clark Kent, an apparently normal man; his real appearance is an alien from the planet Krypton, imbued with super powers by earth’s sun. Clark Kent is a façade, disguising the being with superhuman powers beneath.

And that, in a nutshell, is like the docetic heresy. Jesus appears like a man, but every so often, he gets out his superpowers and does those clever miracles like a Harry Potter wizard.

Here is a second look at a very different portrayal of Jesus, that in the play “Son of Man”. Dennis Potter’s Jesus is very different. There is only one “miracle”, driving a demon from a woman, and this is seen as if it could be healing of a psychological disorder. But elsewhere, lest we forget it, Jesus is human. He is not a fake. He is not Superman in human disguise as Clarke Kent. There is no halo visible.

Where he is man, he is true man, and Potter hammers this home, probably in ways which caused Mary Whitehouse to want him prosecuted for blasphemy, because Potter does not skate delicately over those bodily functions which we all have as human beings:

JESUS: The son of man must be a man. He must be all of a man. He must pass water like a man. He must get hungry and feel tired and sick and lonely. He must laugh. He must cry. He cannot be other than a man, or else God has cheated.

JUDAS: But Jesus - if -

JESUS [urgently]: And so my Father in Heaven will abandon me to myself. And if my head aches he will not lift the ache out of it. And if my stomach rumbles he will not clean out my bowels. And if a. snake curls into my thoughts, then the fang will be in my mind. If I were to have no doubt I would be other than a man.

[Pause.]

And God does not cheat.

That’s the great strength of Potter’s Jesus. When asked how people will know, what sign he will give, he won’t do anything special. You have to take him as he is, and see him for who he is, and that insight, that moment of clarity, is the miracle of faith. It is the holiness of the man that is the sign. God does not cheat.

Mark Lee comments on Jesus that why might glean from Son of Man: “He was man as to his conscious thought, and bodily desires, needs and sensations: and being a man he was vulnerable to all human weakness and frailty to which we are all inclined. But, according to this view, also being inwardly God, his soul was divine and this meant he had the divine goodness, wisdom and power of his inner self to resist all selfish desires and impure thoughts.”

Over it all, as in the previous part, is context: a cross present, a sign of what the Roman’s do, of someone else’s death, rather like in England there used to be a scaffold at crossroads, which might have a hanged felon on it, or would stand as a stark warning. It is in fact something we don’t see or hear about in the gospels until the end, but here, it is present, although as Potter notes, it has become so much part of the landscape of the people under Roman rule that they don’t see it for what it is, just as someone passing the empty scaffold would simply see it as part of its surrounds.

This act finishes with a note of irony which I rather like, because Jesus knows where he is going, and he and Judas both know the threat of the cross, and we also get a reminder that Jesus is a carpenter.

God does not cheat

An Extract from "Son of Man" by Dennis Potter

JESUS: Love God your Father above all things. And love your neighbour as yourself.

JUDAS: Who is my neighbour?

JESUS: The man next to you. Or him in the corner of your eye. [dryly] You can't miss him.

JUDAS: I try to follow the Commandments.

JESUS: Good.

JUDAS: What else must I do?

JESUS: Go home and sell all your possessions and give the money to the poor.

JUDAS: Or to the Temple?

JESUS [bitingly]: The poor!

JUDAS: And then?

JESUS: And then follow me. Give up everything else - family, friends, money, security - and come with me. We are about to - illuminate this land.

[JUDAS suddenly sinks to his knees.]

JUDAS: Yes, I will follow you.

[JESUS smiles and touches JUDAS' head.]

JESUS: What is your name?

JUDAS: Judas Iscariot.

JESUS: Welcome, Judas. [He embraces him.]

JUDAS: MyL - l - lord --?

JESUS: Yes?

JUDAS: Jerusalem is full of rumours about you. Some even dare to say that you are - [He stops.]

JESUS [quietly]: I am that I am.

JUDAS: That you - you are the - Messiah.

[Silence.]

JESUS: Is that what they say?

JUDAS: Are you?

[Silence.]

JESUS: I am that I am.

JUDAS: But - Jesus --?

PETER: Leave him be!

JUDAS: Jesus - !

[JESUS, strangely agitated, has gone to the cross. It is as though he has just seen it, just realised what is there.]

[With urgency] Jesus - Be careful. Please be careful.

[JESUS throws back his head and roars with laughter.]

JESUS: Careful I Have you trekked out all this way to tell me to be careful!

[The four others join in his laughter.]

JUDAS [shrilly]: They'll nail you up on the Cross!

[The laughter dies.]

[Embarrassed]: If you put a foot wrong - it's that horrible thing...

[He points at the cross. The others, except JESUS, automatically cringe back from it.]

ANDREW: I didn't even see it - I didn't even...

JESUS [harshly]: It is part of the landscape.

[Silence.]

JAMES [agitated]: Come on. I -.suddenly I don't like this place.

ANDREW: Me neither. By God, no!

[But PETER, who has been glaring at JUDAS, suddenly bursts out angrily at the newcomer.]

PETER: What do you want? Eh? What do you have to say that for!

JUDAS: It is a warning.

PETER: Well stuff your bloody warning --

JESUS [interrupting]: Peter I

PETER: Well - he comes out here, all poshed up, and starts -

JESUS [severely]: Peter!

[JESUS looks closely at JUDAS, who lowers his eyes.]

[Quietly] I understand where you are from. I understand what you are saying. But what is written is written. What is foretold is foretold.

[The others are out of it; this is between JESUS and JUDAS. They listen, but only half-understand.]

JUDAS: Then you are He?

JESUS: Perhaps. [A little smile.]

JUDAS [imploring]: Don't you know?

JESUS: God does not cheat.

JUDAS: I don't understand - ?

JESUS: The son of man must be a man. He must be all of a man. He must pass water like a man. He must get hungry and feel tired and sick and lonely. He must laugh. He must cry. He cannot be other than a man, or else God has cheated.

JUDAS: But Jesus - if -

JESUS [urgently]: And so my Father in Heaven will abandon me to myself. And if my head aches he will not lift the ache out of it. And if my stomach rumbles he will not clean out my bowels. And if a. snake curls into my thoughts, then the fang will be in my mind. If I were to have no doubt I would be other than a man.

[Pause.]

And God does not cheat.

[Pause. ]

JUDAS: Then how shall we know?

JESUS: By what you see. By what you hear. How else?

[Again JUDAS points at the cross.]

JUDAS : Then you know - that thing ! You know it waits for you.

JESUS [very calm]: It waits.

[Silence. The others want to go.]

JOHN: We don't like it here, Master.

PETER: That thing!

JAMES: Let us go down into the village -

ANDREW: Please. Jesus -

JOHN: We don't like it here!

[JESUS's calm is shattered by their whimpering. His own fear bubbles to the top. He rounds on them, almost savagely.]

JESUS [with harsh mockery]: `We don't like it here, Master.' Too bad. Too flaming bad, my friends. Just look at that cross. Go on! Look at it!

PETER [Angrily]: Why should we?

JESUS: So that we can keep it in our minds. [He taps angrily at his forehead.] Keep it in here. Keep the shape stinging behind our eyes. And let one little splinter of that bloodied wood stick and fester in our brains. Right? [He strides up to the cross and holds the upright beam, clinging to it.] God won't let me alone. Not now. I am His. Oh, oh. He burns inside me. He tears at my chest. He lights up my eyes. He tugs at my clothes. Oh Holy Father, you have hunted me down. You have opened the top of my head. I have heard you. I have seen you. Dear Lord God on High - shall I show a man a chair, or shall I show man the truth of your justice and the path to your Kingdom?

[Feverish now, and impressive. The others kneel, except JUDSASs, who stares wide-eyed at JESUS]

Oh, oh, He burns inside me! The Lord God is in my head and in my eyes and in my heart and in my mouth. Yes, in my mouth. He has told me what to do, what to say. I am His. I am His. I am His. I am the Chosen One. I am the Way. I am the Messiah. Yes. Yes!

[Pause. JESUS lowers his arms. Now he is calm and matter-of-fact.]

Go into Jerusalem all of you, one by one. Tell the people about Jesus of Nazareth. Tell them He is the One. The One they have been waiting for. Tell them that in three days I shall enter the Holy City on an ass, so fulfilling the prophecies of our forefathers. Tell them to greet me as they would their King. But it is the Kingdom of God I come to honour. Go now! Do as I say! Go! Go!

[They rise and move off, and JESUS turns back to smack at the cross.]

[Smiling] Ach! You should have stayed a tree. A tree. [Slight pause.] And I should have stayed a carpenter. A carpenter.

[Pause. Then he follows the others. The light fades.]

Corpus Hermeticum

This poem takes its starting point on two Hermetic texts, the Corpus Hermeticum XIII.18 and the Corpus Hermeticum XIII.11. Those following the work of Iamblichus, a philosopher of the 4th century, in what was known as "theurgy". Alongside Plotinus and Porphyry, he was a founder of Neoplatonism.

Theurgy (/ˈθiːɜrdʒi/; from Greek θεουργία) describes the practice of rituals, sometimes seen as magical in nature, performed with the intention of invoking the action or evoking the presence of one or more gods, especially with the goal of uniting with the divine, achieving henosis, and perfecting oneself.

Henosis (Ancient Greek: ἕνωσις) is the word for mystical "oneness," "union," or "unity" in classical Greek. In Platonism, and especially Neoplatonism, the goal of henosis is union with what is fundamental in reality: the One (Τὸ Ἕν), the Source, or Monad.

As I've currently been studying a number of Neoplatonic writings of the 4th century, it seemed appropriate to fashion a poem; I have, however, attempted to given it a local Jersey feel, hence the dolmen!

Corpus Hermeticum

Powers within me, sing a hymn
Sing to the One and to the All
Open up both mind and limb
Open portal, break down wall

Now sing together with my will
Hymning light, the joy of mind
Within the dolmen, on the hill
Open inner eyes so blind

Sacred knowledge, join with me
Enlighten me, all you powers
Earth and land and sky and sea
As I gift the offering of flowers

Throughout heaven, earth, water, air
Make Wisdom give her blessing here

The Fat Public Sector by Ben Shenton

One of the things which seems to be lacking in the States is an organisation chart, giving the relationship of different posts to each other, and a brief description of what each post is for. The States websites provide a "top level" summary, but it is barely a sketch, and certainly not fit for purpose.

And yet - unless we have a breakdown, how can the States see where it is management heavy? How can they see how matters can be streamlined?

The last organisation chart - a very comprehensive and detailed one - was done by former Senator Sarah Ferguson, after she was told that there was not one for the hospital, but she could go in, get data, and do one herself. I think that's pretty atrocious. The States should have their own charts, and keep them up to date.

We hear a lot about "lean" in the States; it is the latest management buzz word. There is no evidence coming from the States that "lean" has produced savings. We are told it is marvellous, but what I'd like to see is not "improvements" detailed in copious project reports, but the bottom line -- claimed savings adding up to a sizeable fraction of total costs.

According to the Mind Tools website, "The Lean approach is based on finding efficiencies and removing wasteful steps that don't add value to the end product. There's no need to reduce quality.. – the cuts are a result of finding better, more efficient ways of accomplishing the same tasks."

Is there a paper trail which documents these efficiences and the removal of wasteful steps so we can actually see improvements made rather than just hearing that they have been?

There's a saying about movies - don't tell, show. It would be nice if the States did a bit more showing, a little less telling.

And in particular, can we have details of what middle management posts there are, and what they actually do, and why they are necessary. There seems to be a lot of pyramid style Empire building. We know what teachers and nurses do. But what do all the fancy named post holders above them do?

I remember Dick Green, who was a nice chap, but in charge of a quango at Education which produced lots of paper, but nothing very concrete. He could not escape the mindset of the pyramid; for him, that was how organisations should be built.

Ian Gorst has said in a number of speeches and replies to questions that States management organisation is stuck in the early 20th century (or perhaps the 19th). Ben Shenton's analysis suggests that not much has changed to improve matters.

Here's Ben Shenton in the JEP, sharply identifying a new management position in Education, and asking what precisely is going on:

Ben Shenton on Public Sector Management

Just how committed are the very well paid management teams in the public sector in achieving the political ambition of cutting costs while maintaining or improving front-line services?

I doubt that any taxpayer begrudges the salaries of dedicated nurses, inspirational teachers or diligent policeman. What they do begrudge is a fat public sector with too many pen-pushers and too many layers of government. Let’s look at the current government vacancies on the States of Jersey website and examine if the notion of running efficient departments while saving money is sinking in.

I’ve picked the role of ‘professional partner to schools’ as the vacancy to review. This is a brand new position with a salary of up to £78,943 per annum; if you add in social security and pension contributions, the taxpayer cost will be in the region of £100,000. It is a permanent role and the five-year residency requirement has been dropped, as seems commonplace in the public sector, so anyone can apply.

The job summary states: ‘Jersey is seeking to recruit an exceptional professional to join our growing school development and evaluation team.’

The use of the word ‘growing’ hardly instils confidence that those in charge at Education have grasped the concept of keeping costs under control.

This is not a cheap role and is not a front-line appointment. The post holder will be a member of the school development and evaluation team and will report to the head of school development and evaluation, who already costs the taxpayers well over £100,000 per annum. The job seems to entail visiting schools ‘to make judgments about effective strategies for school improvement’. Obviously the head teachers and the very well paid head of school development and evaluation are incapable of undertaking this role.

This appointment is not surprising when you see the organisational structure at Education accompanying the job description. For example, the early years administrator reports to the five members of the early years advisory team, who report to the teaching and early years learning adviser, who reports to the head of early years, who reports to the assistant director standards and achievement, who reports to the director for education, sport and culture, who reports to the minister. Not one student-facing person among all these roles; not one member of front-line services.

If the unions want to look after their members, they must stop their ridiculous 1970s strike rhetoric and help to mould a lean and efficient public sector. At the moment it looks like they wish to inflict higher taxes on most of their members to protect fat public-sector management. They need to realise that the public-sector managers use them to protect their own cosy positions. This has to stop.

Trends in Climate Change

Trends in Climate Change

Yesterday as well as rising sea levels, the pre-amble to the sequence on BBC Radio Jersey described “wildfires” as a consequence of climate change! Really?

There was recently a wild fire at Les Landes. It does not take much for the gorse to get tinder dry, and this happens every year. What does set it on fire – as happened at Les Landes – is man made as a result (for example) of someone carelessly throwing away a cigarette butt, still smouldering. It is not exactly connected with climate change, and it looks as if the merry jingle cataloguing disasters was pinched from elsewhere – maybe places like Spain or California, where they really do have wild fires raging.

Yesterday we had something even odder. We were told that young children were an age group vulnerable to climate change – in particular flooding and heat. Now heat I can understand – like older people, the body’s regulation of heat in the young is not as good as that of most adults, and they are vulnerable to extremes of cold and heat. But – flooding?

I pictured to myself the flood waters rising to the necks of small children and then over the tops of their heads, while to adults standing nearby, it was only reaching waste height! At any rate, no explanation was given as to how young children were vulnerable to flooding, particularly in Jersey, which after all was supposed to be the focus of the story.

At present, there is no measurable increase in sea levels around Jersey, but there is more unsettled weather, and a greater coincidence of high winds, heavy rain, and high tides – the elements for flooding on the lower coastal areas.

Sceptics will point to extreme weather in the past, and it is important not to ignore these facts. Two years before the idyllic long summer heat wave of 1976, Jersey was being battered by severe weather, twice in one year.

This makes it important to look at trends, of looking at clusters of bad weather events and their frequency over a number of years. Two dice, after all, when thrown twice will come up sometimes with two sixes. But if the dice are weighted, as we may well suspect they are because of climate change, one would expect to see a greater occurrence of sixes than was hitherto the case, or could be expected by chance.

A statistical study in 2014 by Dr Erich Markus Fischer showed that extreme heat waves and heavy rain storms are already happening with increasing regularity worldwide. The chart above shows the annual frequency of North Atlantic Tropical storms. The chart goes up and down, but the overall trends is upward, and sharply. We are in a period of very nasty unsettled weather.

Locally, the late Tony Pallot, Principal meteorological officer has said in 2014 that while the recent conditions are not unusual in themselves, bad weather is becoming more common.

And another report shows that so-called “blocking patterns”, where hot or wet weather remains stuck over a region for weeks causing heat waves or floods, have more than doubled in summers over the last decade. That's certainly something effecting us in Jersey.

Even the sceptics must admit that change to more extreme weather is occurring, even if they deny its cause. The fact remains, however, that regardless of the acceptance or not, that sea defences need to be looked at to improve greater resilience against bad weather.

What sceptics do is to point to bad weather events of the past, to show that it happened then. That is why statistical trends are more important than singular occurences.

An example is the severe weather of 1974, demonstrating that extremes of weather have occurred in the past, even if their frequency, taken as a long term trend, is increasing year on year. The Almanac report was as follows:

January 28 1974: The motor yacht Naomi sank in Gorey Harbour last might after she broke loose from her moorings in the gale-force winds. Only the cabin top of the yacht, owned by Major-General J. H.O. Wilsey, of Maufant Manor, was visible early this morning, and Gorey Harbour attendant, Mr. Doug Park, said that the vessel was badly damaged.

January 29-Although the petrol tanker Esso Tynemouth has been sheltering off the Isle of Wight since the weekend and is not expected to reach the Island until tonight, Esso say they have plenty of petrol in store.

The tanker, carrying 520 tons of petrol for the Island, has been unable to complete her journey from Fawley because of gales.-The Defence Committee announced that the Island had almost met the required reduction in the use of all fuels, said that the saving in petrol usage only amounted to 5 ½ per cent last week. A further call to motorists not to use their cars for non-essential journeys was made,

February 9: Rough seas and winds gusting to gale force caused chaos on Jersey’s low-lying south coast this morning when they combined with a 39 ft high tide. For more than an hour, parts of the of the coast roads from La Grande Charriere through the Dicq and Havre des Pas and from Gloucester Street right along to St Aubin were flooded and closed to traffic.

February 11: This morning’s high title combined with gale-force winds from the south to cause some of the worst damage on exposed south coast areas in many years. Hardest hit was Gorey where the harbour took the full force of the storm and a number of boats were wrecked. Tens of thousands of pounds worth of damage was caused at Gorey in what was described by a veteran fisherman as " the worst storm in living memory”. The occupants of two sea-lashed cottages at Gory say they were afraid to sleep in their homes tonight because of the possibility of more serious damage.

March 9.-The full extent of the damage to the early potato crop caused by the severe frost earlier this week has not yet been ascertained, but it is expected to be quite serious.

September 2.---Mountainous seas and gale-force winds lashed Jersey's east coast this morning leaving a trail of destruction from Gorey to St. Catherine for the second dine this year. At least three valuable boats were smashed against the rocks until they were nothing more than drift wood, and several other craft suffered minor damage after dragging their moorings and pounding against harbour walls.

Pensioners Bus Fares: Manipulating the Figures

"Politicians use statistics in the same way that a drunk uses lamp-posts—for support rather than illumination" - Andrew Lang

I've just had a reply to my Freedom of Information request. My questions and comments:

As Eddie Noel, Minister of Transport and Technical Services, has proposed that pensioners should pay for buses travelling at peak times, please could TTS or other relevant authority supply me with:

Question: Statistics on numbers of pensioners travelling in peak time (which I assume the Minister must have)

Response

The most recent quarter for which data is available covers the period January to March 2015. Using the definition of “peak time” as the one and a half hours from 07:00 to 08:30, on weekdays only (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and bank holidays), the average number of recorded bus passenger journeys using a concessionary travel card is typically 120 per working day, equivalent to nearly 4 fully seated single decker commuter buses.

Comment:

This is an extremely manipulative use of statistics. It falls into the presentation of statistics which make an impact but don't tell you anything useful, like the fact that the average person goes to the toilet 2,040 times per year, or that the average person drinks 12,000 cups of coffee in a lifetime.

The image of 4 fully seated single decker buses filled with pensioners at peak times every day has a similar impact, but it is just as useless in telling you the spread of pensioners across all bus routes.

While the figures are correct, to put it in a better perspective - which shows how much spin there is - there are around 48 buses taking people into town during the period from 0.70 to 08.30 - as most routes have more than one bus travelling in.

Even assuming that we only count inward travel - 120 /48 gives approximately 2.5 pensioners per bus. That's not a lot, and if we consider all routes - after all, not all travellers are making an inward journey to St Helier, the figure drops to around 1.5 pensioners per bus, even less.

Of course, some buses routes - the 15, for example, may have more pensioners because that route has around 6 buses going inwards at peak times. So the figure of 2.5 per bus is an average, but it gives a better idea of the number of pensioners at peak times than the image of 4 fully seated buses - and don't forget that the 15 is in fact usually a double decker as well.

Question: Definition of what is meant by “peak time” in this particular context

Response:

As indicated in the answer to the first question, “peak time” in terms of bus travel is taken to mean the one and a half hour period between 07:00 and 08:30 on a working weekday.

Comment:

It is useful to know the Minister is only counting morning peak time.

Question: Rate at which pensioners would be expected to pay if not full fare

Response:

In the proposed States' Medium Term Financial Plan 2016-19 (MTFP), there are references to concessionary fares on page 70:

"Increases in bus ridership have meant that expenditure on concessionary fares for pensioners and the school bus service is significantly in excess of budget. Concessionary fares are a substantial contractual cost of the service and these costs will continue to increase year on year, unless changes are made to the concessionary travel rules".

and on page 85:

"Concessionary bus fares are also under consideration to maximise bus capacity during the morning peak period".

In the light of budgetary pressures, a peak hour charge remains a more preferable policy option than reducing services. However as no policy decision has been made, it is not possible to indicate the fare level that would be charged for a concessionary pass during the morning peak, were such a proposal to be formally put forward.

Comment:

Even if pensioners paid full price we are talking less than £1,000 per week which is alleged loss in revenue, say £50,000 per year. This is a pitiful saving if that is what is intended. That is not even half of Philip Ozouf’s expenses account! It is clear that the Minister is scraping the bottom of the barrel for savings.

Activity, as Sir Humphrey says in “Yes Minister” is politician's substitute for achievement. In the absence of any really effective cuts, Eddie Noel is trying to show he is doing something by nibbling away at the edges

Jerseys Anglican Church: Some Problems with Safeguarding

Safeguarding

Clergy and senior lay leaders in Jersey's Anglican Church have had training in protecting islanders from abuse, the Bishop of Dover said. The Right Reverend Trevor Willmott said new safeguarding measures are in place to reassure everyone in the church. It follows a decision by the church's governing body - the Synod - that improvements must be made. Bishop Willmott said there was no question in his mind that "God's people are safe in this island".

-- BBC News

What would be useful to know, in the interests of transparency, would be the enhanced policies and procedures. I’ve had a look at the Town church website, and the only thing remotely connected is in the diary where there are “safeguarding training and lunches”.

There is no safeguarding officer to contact in the list of contacts, no safeguarding policies on the website, and no indication of these new improvements at all, no links to safeguarding elsewhere (such as Dover) - or, for that matter, what training consisted of, or what they had for lunch!

Now pretty well any club or organisation which deals with children and vulnerable adults has a policy on their website, but the Anglican Church in Jersey does not. We have no idea how complaints will be handled, whether minutes of meetings will be kept, whether it will be ensured that vulnerable adults will have someone they trust in attendance.

[As an insert, I have been informed that St Brelade's Church will be making a copy of the policy available at the back of the church on the notice board.]

It is also not clear how the church would act to implement the policies anyway. Part of the problem, both locally and in the UK, has been the way that in local communities, it is difficult to find someone outside and independent to look into these matters.

As one English survivor, called CF, said of her case:

"An abuse policy that does not have a clearly stated process of implementation is effectively worthless. A vulnerable person or an abused person by definition has no power in the Church. This means that someone with power has to make a decision to implement the policy, but to do this they have to suspend their total and complete faith in the priest or other person concerned."

There is a link to the Canons of the Church of England in Jersey on the Town Church website, and it is here that some interesting notes on safeguarding arise as the local Canons differ from the English Canon Law.

Let us look at changes to Canon Law to improve safeguarding in England:

On 16 February 2015, David Pocklingtom reported on changes taking place to Canon Law in England. This is what he noted:

At General Synod on 12 February, Mr Geoffrey Tattersall introduced the main provisions of the Draft PCCs: There was agreement that the disqualification and suspension provisions for PCC members should mirror those in relation to churchwardens. Furthermore, a bishop should also be empowered to suspend PCC secretaries and treasurers who are not PCC members.

(GS 1952A) and the draft Amending Canon No.34 (GS 1953A) – Draft Measure and draft Amending Canon for Revision. The main points identified in his speech are summarized below, and the Report by the Revision Committee is available as GS 1952-3Y.

The main provisions of the draft Measure are:

Suspension of a priest: Section 36(1) of the Clergy Discipline Measure already provides for the suspension of a priest or deacon when disciplinary proceedings are commenced or he/she is arrested on suspicion of committing a criminal offence, is convicted of certain offences, or included on a barred list.

Clause 1(1) of the draft Measure adds a power to suspend where the bishop is satisfied on information provided by the police or local authority that a priest or deacon presents a significant risk of harm – as defined in clause 1(2) – but before suspending the bishop is required to consult at the very least the diocesan safeguarding advisor. Such suspension continues for 3 months but may be renewed.

Churchwardens: The current clause 2 of the draft Measure provides for the disqualification and suspension of churchwardens. Mr Tattersall highlighted that:

Although the initial draft provided for a waiver of disqualification, the Revision Committee was persuaded that any such waiver required further clarity. Consequently clause 2(2) provides that before giving any waiver the bishop must at the very least consult the diocesan safeguarding advisor, and must give reasons for any such waiver, and that any such waiver will be of unlimited duration and have effect in every diocese;

As to suspension, the Committee agreed that a bishop should not only have power to suspend a churchwarden in the circumstances set out the present clause 2(5) of the draft Measure: i.e. if arrested on suspicion of committing a Schedule 1 offence, but also if the bishop was satisfied that the churchwarden presents a significant risk of harm.

And the draft Measure states this:

A relevant person must have due regard to guidance issued by the House of Bishops on matters relating to the safeguarding of children and vulnerable adults.

(2) Each of the following is a relevant person—
(a) a clerk in Holy Orders who is authorised to officiate in accordance with the canons of the Church of England;
(b) a diocesan, suffragan or assistant bishop;
(c) an archdeacon;
(d) a person who is licensed to exercise the office of reader or serve as a lay worker;
(e) a churchwarden;
(f) a parochial church council.

(1) In this Measure, “child” means a person aged under 18.
(2) In this Measure, “vulnerable adult” means a person aged 18 or over whose ability to protect himself or herself from violence, abuse, neglect or exploitation is significantly impaired through physical or mental disability or illness, old age, emotional fragility or distress, or otherwise.

Given that part of the reason for the split between Jersey and Winchester arose from a complaint made by a lady called HG about a churchwarden, these changes in England’s Canon Law - which mention churchwardens - need to be replicated in Jersey.

Remember what the report said about the Churchwarden (EY):

"E.Y.'s behaviour towards women had been a matter of concern at St X for some time with comments about it coming from various sources. In a telephone call to the Safeguarding Advisor J.F. in December 2008 the Dean R.K. says that E.Y. had been spoken to about the fact he is too tactile, stands too close to women, touches too much/inappropriately. His manner was deemed to be inappropriate to such an extent that he was chaperoned within the church when in close proximity to women. This was an informal but explicit policy of the parish and at interview the Dean of Jersey acknowledged that it was known to him."

What is missing, therefore, from the Bishop’s statement is:

1. Policy and procedure documents available online in the public domain, including contacts and how to report a complaint.

2. Changes to Jersey Canon Law to bring it in line with England’s new safeguarding measures.

3. Clearly the informal policy described above should not be tolerated, but it would be good to have that made explicit as well.

Without those changes, the statement by the Bishop of Dover, that "God's people are safe in this island" seems rather hollow. It leaves significant gaps which still need to be rectified if that statement is to be made good.

Jean Poingdestre by A.C. Saunders

Some more from A.C. Saunders “History of Jersey in the 17th Century”.

Jean Poingdestre by A.C. Saunders

At this stage of the history of Jersey, it may not be amiss to give some record, of Jerseymen who distinguished themselves in one way or another during the period. We have dealt somewhat fully with Herault, Sir Philip and Sir George de Carteret, Michael.Lempriere, and their activities during the tumultuous times of this period, but there were other Jerseymen whose fame depended not so much on their warlike services, but by the cultivation of the various arts of Civil and Religious life.

We read of John Poingdestre, Philip Le Geyt, John Durell, Philip Dumaresq and Philip Falle, all men who should be remembered by those interested in the history of this great period of Jersey history. It is due to these men that we know something about the social conditions of the Island, and the laws and regulations which strove, rightly or wrongly, to advance the conditions of its inhabitants. It would therefore appear advisable to give a short sketch of each of these distinguished Jerseymen, who belonged to a period when Jersey offered few facilities to those who wished to increase their knowledge.

John Poingdestre was the son of Edward Poingdestre, and Pauline Ahier, and was born in 1609. He was the first to obtain a Jersey scholarship at Oxford, and was elected a fellow of Exeter College. He had the reputation of having a great gift for learning foreign languages. After leaving College, he obtained a position in the Secretary’s Office in London. Later, he returned to Jersey to assist Sir George Carteret in his fight against the Parliamentarians and was with him when Elizabeth Castle was surrendered to them.

After the restoration he was appointed Lt. Bailly to Sir Edward de Carteret. Not having been elected to a Juratship, the difficulty was overcome, by a mandate from the King appointing him to the office. The irregularity was condoned by the Royalist glamour which prevailed at the time, and refused to admit that the King could do any wrong.

He wrote several manuscripts dealing with the Laws of Jersey, and the "Coutume Reformee de Normandie," but his most interesting work is " Caesarea, or a discourse of the Island of Jersey," the original manuscript of which is now in the British Museum. It was written about the year 1682, and gives us a vivid account of the Island, the inhabitants, and their customs and occupations at that period.

He tells us that in the 16th Century, Jersey was but little cultivated. The Island was divided by few enclosures, but they managed to grow sufficient corn for the use of the inhabitants. They kept sheep "whereof the females had most time foure hornes and the rams oft-time six." They planted their land with apple trees to such an extent, that towards the end of the 17th Century, there were so many orchards that they did not grow sufficient grain to supply the wants of the inhabitants, and had to supply the deficiency with importations from Brittany and other places. They kept bees “which thrived there exceedingly and made a more excellent sort of honey than is seen ordinarily."

From the honey they made a kind of mead, which they used in the snaking of a drink called “Vittoe," a drink so strong, that by taking too much people were liable to be described as “Vous esfes envittoe"as "one who knowes not what he doth."

But with the increase of orchards, cider became the popular drink, and so much cider was made that there was more than sufficient for the wants of the inhabitants. He tells us that so many orchards were planted, that little else was grown, and thereby husbandry “was decay'd." The people became lazy and avoided tillage as “a painefull occupation," and took to the knitting of stockings, and waistcoats, and husband and wife and children (from the age of six) had no other occupation than knitting. These stockings were brought into the town of St. Helery, “not Hilary as has been by writers mistaken," each Saturday, and sold to Merchants, who held a fair on that day. The merchants exported the stockings to the Continent, and the waistcoats to England.

He tells us that at “St. Albin," not “Albon," there was a market each Monday, for foreign goods, it being the only considerable port in the Island. There were many other places in the Island where good harbours might have been built and Poingdestre especially mentions a place called " Bouley in the Parish of Trinity," " where shippes of great bulke might safely ryde, enter and go out," and that if this bay, or at St. Catherine's were used ships would be nearer the Channel, and save a great deal of time in not having to go past St. Brelade's, and St. Ouen's Bays, before getting properly into the open sea.

He has a chapter about the ancient monuments, and tells us that there no fewer than fifty in the Island, called Pouquelays and Hogues, the latter being nothing else but " round hillocks or eminences raised up with men's hands.. thought to be the Sepulchers of eminent persons slayne there in battaile."

He mentions two in particular, viz. one on the road from St. Helery to Montorgueil " so high that it is seene from some leegues into ye land of Normandy, having a chappel at ye topp of it, built not long since after the modell of ye Sepulcher of Jerusalem, by one Mabon who had been a pilgrim there," and the other " The Castell de Leck " " from whose top one can see far into the Island of Guernerzey." Poingdestre suggested that it was made for defence as well as a " place of retreate; " however they say that it carves the face of statelinesse of a Roman Worke, trench't and bulwarck't from ye land side, according to ye manner of those times." He also mentions “Le Chateau de Sedman” in Trinity Parish, but he cannot tell us why it was so called.

In those days the waters around the Island abounded with fish, and " Bass come by shoales so neare ye shore, that cartloads have been taken at a draught, some of them a yard long and more." Red and Grey Mullet, Turbots, Soles, Flounders, Bream and Sea Carp, Rays, all of which are brought to the market and sold at a very low price.

Then there was the great Jersey fish, the Conger, sometimes weighing as much as fifty pounds, shell fish, and he specially seems to have enjoyed the Gurnerzey Crab which he describes as " Over lushious and blunts the appetite."

There were plenty of oysters but they were not worth fishing, as the people of Concale brought them to the Island, and sold them at a very low price to the natives. The people of the Island were very fond of fishing for Ormers at low tide, and whenever there was a spring tide, they flocked down to the low water mark, and gathered in a great harvest.

He tells us how useful the wrack was for the land and growing, and the regulations the farmers had to follow in gathering it. On the Eastern coast large quantities were brought ashore by boats, from rocks far out at sea, where carts could not go. At St. Ouen's hay it was washed ashore in such great quantities, that there was a sufficient supply for that, and the neighbouring parishes, and after a storm two sworn officers were appointed by the States to see that each one - even boys - had his fair share.

In Poingdestre's day the houses were strongly built of stone, and either covered with slate or thatch. The furniture was generally of a very solid nature, so that it could be handed down from father to son.

Then there was Mont Orgueil Castle, the most stately building in the Island, and Elizabeth Castle the best fortified, and he mentions another castle, called Grosnez, " a slight thing like a gate without a castle but famous for having been a retiring place to Philippe de Carteret, Signor of St. Ouen, and his party against Peter de Brecose, pretending to be absolute Lord of the Island in ye latter dayes of Henry ye VI ; the peere which is making at ye Fort of St. Albins, a peece for Eternity, if you consider ye breadth, materialls and workemanshipp ; the Cohue or Judgemt. Hall, and likewise the Halles both new and old, where Butchers, Bakers and Corne merchants have their stalls to sell theire meats, bread and Corne free from the injurye of weather in sumer or winter."

There were twelve Parish Churches, and twenty-five Chappells " ; two free schools, with seventy pounds endowment divided between them, one in St. Peter's called Saint Anastasius, and the other in St. Saviour's called Saint Manlier or Magloire.

Poingdestre died in 1691 at the age of 82 much regretted by the people of the Island of Jersey.

The Carpenter’s Son

The Carpenter’s Son

As a play, although it can be seen on YouTube, Dennis Potter’s “Son of Man” looks in part dated and old fashioned; Jesus stripped bare is perhaps too white, too clean, and the black and white, sometimes good, is on a set that is often too bright and overlit. There is however still a good performance by Colin Blakely, very much an unconventional depiction of Christ - this is not Robert Powell!

When we move from the images and read the text, the words of the play are powerful, strong, and challenge the religious status quo as the brief extract below demonstrates.

Potter’s Christ is a real man, full of doubt, and yes – he really laughs. But this is not the mocking laughter of the Gospel of Judas, this is laughter at a cosmic irony, of how man takes the gifts of God and uses them for evil ends, it is laughter at the foolishness of mankind.

There’s also a nice touch when they come across a cross, for the Roman punishment of a criminal, and this leads Jesus into talking about the wood – “good wood, this” – and you really get the impression that he is a carpenter’s son, in a way that is actually surprisingly absent from the gospels themselves.

Although Potter does not here use the phrase “If any of you wants to be my follower, you must turn from your selfish ways, take up your cross, and follow me.”, this would provide a context for that remark from the Gospels; as it stands in the Synoptics, it lacks that context; it is something which Potter gives it.

There is no cross apparent in the Gospels, and no mention of any cross until the passion narrative, and the sentence is actually an anachronism, although because we read the story with hindsight, we gloss over this. It would make no sense to the listeners in its context, as the cross did not possess any significance at that time of Jesus ministry. It is very likely that “take up your cross” is a later interpolation by Mark, looking back just as the reader does.

This part of the play leads into a parable about a tree, which is very good, a strong view of the irony, in which anger is also present at the way the good things of this world are misused, and what Potter says about a meaningful sacrament in this context is very likely to offend some religious sensibilities.

And of course, there is also the dig at the priests – “Priests who talk about the love of God and hold out a collecting box at the same time.”

Potter’s Jesus is a man of many moods, volatile, emotional in his outbursts, subject to self-doubt, and yet still charismatic. This is not portraying Jesus as a fake, but very much as a human being; if anything, it is taking the idea of incarnation very seriously indeed. As Potter said:he wanted to “strip the mysticism away (of the traditional representations of Jesus) in order to find mysticism.””

And Potter’s Jesus has a past; we can see the influence of being “the carpenter’s son”, which is an accusation levied against him in the Gospels, disparagingly, about his humble origins. Here we see it in full force: here is a carpenter’s son, one who has worked with wood –something that most traditional portraits of Jesus forget; it gives him a back story, a context, in which he brings something of his upbringing with him.

Dennis Potter wrote of his Son of Man Jesus in 1992: "There's this brave, witty, sometimes oddly petulant, man striding around in an occupied territory knowing and then not wanting to know that he's bound to die and die painfully. And in the middle of it all, to say things that have never been said, about love. As a model of what human behaviour can be like, it still stand supreme."

Son of Man by Dennis Potter
An Extract

JOHN I like the one about the traveller who fell among thieves, and the Samaritan.

JESUS [eagerly]: Do you think they understood? Was making myself clear to them?

ALL:,:Yes,,oh,yes

[But JESUS, introspective, turns in on himself, ]

JESUS:. I don't know…I'm not so sure about that…

JOHN. The crowds are getting bigger. All the time.

JAMES:: More and more of our people are talking about you and arguing about you -

PETER. They've laughed and they've cried.

ANDREW: And gone home with their heads singing with: new thoughts..

JESUS: I don't know. I don't know.

PETER' Beats fishing, any road. [He sniggers.]

JESUS [angry] What did you say?

PETER [defensive]: Well, you know what I mean journeying around the country like this, seeing all sorts of people and big crowds and ...

JESUS: You enjoy it, do you?

[There is such a bite in the question that PETER gapes back at him confused]

I said you enjoy it, do you?

PETER: I like being with you my Lord .

[Agitated, JESUS stands up, towering above them ]

JESUS: Fun! That's what it is to all of you a jaunt through 'the countryside, living only for today and not the morrow ...

[They are making protesting noises]

Shut up! Shut up! Before I lose my patience with all of you! What do you think I am? Who do you think I am? [He strides about among then, extremely agitated.] Yes, the people listen. Yes, more of them are coming out to, meet us. Yes, I can move and excite them, to pity or terror. Yes, the days pass with some hope and some gain. But great God in Heaven have I come for this? To pass the time!

[he snorts] Why do we skulk about on the hill sides and in the sad little villages? Eh? Where are the Temple, police, then? The Romans? Eh? I must go to the Holy City itself. Into the Temple. Clear out the pigs and the profiteers. Make them see who - Who am I? [repeats to himself, almost doubtingly] Who-am-I?

JAMES: Lord -?

[He begins to sweep on;, twitching with excitement]

JESUS: You must go on ahead of me, each of you. You must announce when I am to speak, where I am to speak. You must make the water ripple. And listen ! from now on my friends, my dear friends, from now on we -- trumpet our corning. We speak loudly. And clearly. We are here to cleanse a whole nation with the purity of the One who is on high. Ach the light must not be hidden! The truth must not be whispered ! [He ruffles Peter’s hair] Then, my Peter, you can rightly be filled with joy and exultation'

PETER: Yes, master.

JESUS: Why! They don't even know who I am in their palaces and temples and garrisons. I do not challenge them out here in the sour grass!

JOHN: Your words have spread far, Jesus. You have -

[JESUS waves him down almost contemptuously.]

JESUS: A few miles. A few villages. Along the shores of Galilee!

JOHN: Yes - but.-.

JESUS: And I want. my words to echo along the edges .of the whole world! The whole wide world. do you hear me? Eh? Or else I might as well be making tables and benches in a carpenter's workshop [JESUS goes to the cross. He almost. strokes. at. the wood, his expression suddenly less tormented.] Good timber, this. Hewed with the grain from the heart of the tree. I could fill a room with tables and chairs with wood like this. [He chops the air with his hand.] Cha-owl Split, it would, straight as ever you could want. Yes! There's nothing like a bit of wood in your hands. Cha owl Not a knot in it, see? Good stuff. [He puts his head against the crest, as though it were a pillow, and momentarily closes his eyes.] :[whispers] Father, Father..

[His shoulders start to shake, as though in sobbing. ]

ANDREW [steps forward anxiously to comfort him, putting his hands on Jesus shoulders.]

ANDREW:: Oh, Master, please . .

[But JESUS turns swiftly, and we see that, far from sobbing, he is in fact shaking with laughter.]

JUDAS; Wh-what is it?

JESUS: A tree! A t-tut-tree! [He laughs out loud, then speaks, still smiling.]God puts it in the soil. A tiny little seed, he sends the sun to warm it. He sends the rain to feed it. He lets the earth hug the little plant like a mother with a baby. So it grows. Years and years it :grows. Little roots like veins twisting underneath our feet. First it's a sapling, tossed by the wind, a feeble thing. But still sun, rain, still it grows. And grows. Oh, a huge thing. A great, strong tower climbing towards heaven. Older now, than a man, than two men. What has it not seen? Eh?

PETER [child-like]: Go on go on!

JESUS: Cha-owl Down it comes! Crash! Oh, great tree, brought low by the axe. Eh? But God doesn't JUDAS [aloof, still]: Doesn't he? How do you- ?

JESUS: No-oo, What are trees for? Wood. God wants us to build. To have tables to eat off. Chairs to sit on, He has filled the earth with good things, all for man, for me, for you. So He doesn't mind, does He? No-oo. All that sun. All that rain'. All those years. All that struggle from seed to giant - well, tables and chairs are fine things too ! But look what we do. Look! A cross! To kill a. man ! All that sun. All that rain. And here is the end of it - something to hold up and stretch out a man while he dies I

[Again he throws back his head and laughs. The others are puzzled, and even rather disapproving.]

JOHN: But what is funny about that, Lord?

JESUS: Man!

ANDREW: what?

JESUS: [angry rhetoric]: Man ! That's what is funny about it! Man, silly, stupid, murdering man! We take the good things God gave us in order to hurt each other! Why.- look at us! - look around you, here in this dreadful place. And think. Look into the distance, at that haze of towers and palaces and houses. And think! [Again he taps his forehead with a furious urgency] Use your heads, eh? Use your flaming heads ! There are fat men down there rich enough and vain enough to eat off gold plates, And stinking beggars crawling about in the. dust for a tiny scrap of rubbish to keep them alive for one. more miserable day. Is that right? Can that. be right:? There are men down there with swords ready. to use for the sake of what they call their glory. T’cha! Is that right? Can that be right? Look at. all the pointless suffering. The greed. Extortion, Exploitation. The killing. The pomp and swagger and hunger. Priests who talk about the love of God and hold out a collecting box at the same time. Soldiers, trained to put a lance into the belly of another mother's son. Can all this be right? Eh? Why a fool can see that it isn't I

[Pause. A change of tone. The others are enraptured.]

A fool, Yes-And perhaps one a fool, an idiot, can see what is so wrong with the world. Why else do people put up with it? Eh? If they knew the truth they: would gather on the street corners in order to be sick! Now that would be a meaningful sacrament! Eh? But people don't know the truth. That's obvious:. That's flaming obvious! They carry on with, their jobs and their burdens and their burnt-.out hopes. They don't stop in the middle of the street and shout, ‘Why?' And if they did they'd be put away. Look at me. Eh? I ought to be sawing wood or making benches and tables. Mm? If I had any sense.

A Blessing of Unicorns

My poem today draws upon inspiration from the work Susanna Clarke, J.R.R. Tolkien, Peter S. Beagle and Walter De La Mare. There's even an allusion to Dante.

A group of unicorns is called a blessing because unicorns were a symbol of pure innocence and magic, seeing one was supposed to bring good luck and fortune to the gazer, ergo seeing a herd of unicorns would be a phenomenally wonderful event, hence blessing.

A Blessing of Unicorns

In my dream, one night, I chanced to go
On the King’s Roads, that which we know
Only from legends; it is in the land beyond
And behind where reflected images abscond
Of all the mirrors of the world; and though
That path is closed, strange winds still blow
And the traveller, by luck, blown by wind
Can chance in dream where worlds thinned;
And in these thin places, a crack may be seen
To the other lands, of faery folk, and if keen,
Gain entrance through vision, dream, inner sight
Especially when dreaming just before the light
Of day breaks, under a sky of shooting stars
Wishing upon the fissures between, the scars
Of times when this world and that of the fey
Was much closer, could be traversed in day,
Through open portals, not just mere crack;
And now I chance upon a winding track
Of the main road, towards pine trees,
And I feel the coolness of that other breeze
Which always blows along this faery land,
From mountain top to coast and sea and sand,
And into the dark wood I go, yet not despair
Or abandon hope, for here is surely not to fear
But to encounter wonder; and along a stream
Beneath the canopy of leaves, dappled sunbeam
I chanced upon a sacred grove, and to one side
A pool fresh filled by stream; there so I eyed
A blessing of unicorns, gently drinking water;
And beside them Goldberry, fair river daughter
Gently stroking their manes, speaking soft words
Of enchantment, to protect, keep safe the herds,
Who had long fled our world, in Middle Ages,
Hunted down for horns by Kings and Sages;
And the last unicorn fled when Victoria’s throne
Was barely sat upon, through an arch of bone
Since crumbled to dust, and no way back
Along that strangest faery twilight track;
Yet here they still live, and I rejoiced to see
That they flourish, bring blessing to me
And all travellers who chance upon the way
By day or night, to faery worlds. Yet to stay
Long is another spell, one I do not know,
And dawn brought waking, the sunset glow,
As I departed this land where I felt so free:
A land of my magic path, where I can be
Who I was called to be, a wizard born
With blue cloak and staff do me do adorn;
But I shall return, in dreams, once more,
When times are right to pass this door
By shooting stars, or beneath a blue moon
Come magic openings, come ever soon!